Impaired Vascular Function in Exercising Anovulatory Premenopausal Women is Associated with Low Bone Mineral Density

Department

Health Promotion

Document Type

Article

Publication Source

Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports

Publication Date

2019-4

Volume

29

Issue

4

First Page

544

Last Page

553

Abstract

In estrogen deficient postmenopausal women, osteoporosis shares a common link with cardiovascular disease risk, including endothelial dysfunction. The current study sought to examine associations between bone mineral density (BMD) and endothelial function in estrogen deficient premenopausal women with exercise‐associated menstrual disturbances. Recreationally trained women (24.3±0.8 years; overall mean±SEM) who were estrogen deficient (amenorrheic or eumenorrheic anovulatory cycles; E2Def; n=13) or estrogen replete (eumenorrheic ovulatory cycles; E2Rep; n=14) were studied. Total body and lumbar BMD (L1‐L4) were determined using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry. Serum markers of oxidative stress (oxidised low‐density lipoprotein; OxLDL), energy deficiency (triiodothyronine), and bone turnover (osteocalcin, c‐telopeptide X, P1NP) were assessed. Estrogen exposure was determined by assessing daily urinary estrone‐3‐glucuronide (E1G) across a monitoring period. Calf blood flow (CBF), an index of endothelial function, was measured using strain‐gauge plethysmography. CBF, total body and L1‐L4 BMD, triiodothyronine and E1G were lower (p0.05) between groups. L1‐L4 BMD, osteocalcin and E1G were the strongest predictors of CBF (R2=0.615, pR2=0.478, p

Keywords

amenorrhea, anovulation, bone health, cardiovascular, estrogen

DOI

10.1111/sms.13354

https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13354

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